Railway signal



R. A. McCANN.

RAILWAY SIGNAL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-13,1919.

1,415,886. Pat nted M y'1 6, 1922.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

MENTOR. 11 ,f Q i f \M BY QZK'ZQWUZZ #1 ATTORJYEK' R. A. McCANN.

RAILWAY SIGNAL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-13,1919- 1,415,ss6, Patented May 16,1922.

'5 suns-sum 2.

' BY H L' 1? ATTORNEY R. A. McCANN.

RAILWAY SIGNAL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-13,1919.

Patented May 16, 1922.

5 SHEETSSHEET 4.

INVENTOR.

Q Z-ZQAMZZ ATTORNEY.

til?

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- RONALD A. MOCANN, OF SWISSV ALE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE UNION SWITCH & SIGNAL COMPANY, OF SWISSVALE, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORA- TION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

RAILWAY SIGNAL.

Application filed November 13, 1919.

State oil? Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Railway Signals, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to railway signals, and }1)l.l'tl(tlll l1'ly to signals of the type comprising a semaphore biasedto the stop position, an electric motor for moving it to one or more proceed posit-ions, and one or more elcctromagnets for operatively connecting the semaphore with the motor and for holding the semaphore in the position or positions to which it has been moved by the motor.

In signals of this character it is well understood that the energy required by the electromagnets is considerably greater while the semaphore is being moved bythe motor than while the semaphore .is being held in its iiroceed position or positions. One object of my invention is the provision of novel means for controlling the signal in such manner that a smaller amount of energy will. be supplied to the electromagnet or electromagnets while the semaphore is being held :in the proceed position than while the semaphore is being moved by the motor, thereby materially reducing the total amount of energy required for the operation of the signal.

I will describe several terms of apparatus embodying my invention and will then point out the novel features thereof in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, F ig. 1 is a view, partly diagrammatic, showing one :lorm. of signal which may be controlled in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2- 'is a diagrammatic view showing one term and arrangement of apparatus and circuits for the control oi? the signal shown in Fig. 1, and. embodying my invention, the parts'be' ing shown in the positions corresponding to the stop position ot the signal. Fig. 2 a "view similar to l ig. but showing the parts in the pi itions which they occupy-' when the signal indicates proceed. Fig. 3 is a dia .amniatic view showing a modificw lion olf he app. fetus and circuits shown in l' ig. f2 and also embodying my invention. the parts being shown in the positions corresponding to the stop position of the sig Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 16, 1922.

Serial No. 337,642.

nal. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing the parts in the positions which they occupy when the signal indicates proceed. Fig. lis a diagrammatic View showing another modification of the apparatus and circuits shown in Fig. 2, and also embodying my invention, the parts being shown in the positions which they occupy when the signal indicates stop. Fig. 4: is a view similar to Fig. 4 but showing the parts in the positions which they occupy when the signal indicates proceed. Fig. 5 is a view showing a modification of the signal shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view showing one arrangement of apparatus and circuits for the control of the signal shown in Fig. 5, the parts being shown in the positions which they occupy when the signal indicates stop. Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 6, but showing the parts in the positions which they occupy when the signal indicates procee i Similar reference chamcters refer to similarparts in each of the views.

Referring first to Fig. 1, the signal comprises a semaphore S pivotally mounted at point 2, and biased by gravity to the horizontal position in which it is shownin full lines and wherein thesemaphore indicates stop. This semaphore may be moved by the other apparatus shown in this view to an incllned position. wherein it indlcates i and to a Vertical position wherein it indicates proceed, the two latter positions being shown in dash lines.

The mechanism foroperating semaphore S comprises two arms A and A pivotally mounted at 3 and 3, respectively, which arms are biased to substantially the positions in which they are shown in the drawing. The arm A is at times moved upwardly around the point 3 as a center by means of a chain 6, which chain in turn is.

driven by an electric motor M. This chain is provided with rollers 11, which project laterally from the chain to engage with a fork 8, which is pivotally mounted in the arm A. This fork is controlled by an electromagnet H in such manner that wl'icn the magnet is energized the fork is held rigidly in the position shown with respect to arm A, that is, in a projected position in the path of the rollers 11.; but that when the magnet is de-energized the fork is tree to swing upwardly to a retracted position out of the path of these rollers. When the arm A has been elevated by the chain 11, a shoulder9 o'nthe fork'8 engages with a latch 10 to hold the arm in the elevated position as long as magnet H is energized.

The arm A is controlled in a similar manner by a chain 6*, which is also driven by the rnotor M, and by a latch 10 The various parts associated with the arm A are designated by the same reference characters asthose-associated with the arm A, but with the eXponent a added'in each instance.

Interposed between the arms A and A and the semaphore S is rack and pinion device comprising a pinion .5 operatively connected with the semaphore, a rack at operatively connected with the arm A, and a rack 4 ope'rati'vel'y connected with the arm A. \Vhen the two operating arms are in their lower positions, both racks 1 and i are in their lowest positions, so that roller 5 is likewise in its lowest position and the semaphore S is in the horizontal position wherein it indicates stop. it arm A is then raised by the chain 6, the consequent elevationof rack 4 causes pinion 5 to be raised to'an intermediate position, and this pinion in turn movesthe semaphore S upwardly to its inclined or caution position. It then the arm A is elevated, the consequent upward movement-0f the rack 4 causes pinion 5 to be moved to its highest position andthis in turn movesthesemaphore S upwardly to its vertical or proceed position. WVhen the semaphore indicates proceed, it is obvious that if the 'electromagnets H and PI are de-energized, the two'operating arms will drop to their lowestpositions, so thatthe semaphore will return'to its horizontal or stop position.

Referrin now to Fig.2, the reference character F3 designates the track rails of a railway track along which trafiic normally m'oves'in'the direction indicated by the arrow. These rails are, divided by insulated joints 13 to form-a block section BC, and this section is providedwith a track circuit comprising a track battery 12 connected across-the rails at the exit endof the tion and a track relay T connected across the rails at the entrance end of the section. Located adjacent theentrance end of the section 13-0 is a railway signal which is similar to the signal shown in Fig. 1; in order'to simplify the drawing, however, the only. parts of this signal which are shown in Fig. 2 are the semaphore S, the motor M and the magnets H and H together with certain circuit controllers which are operatively connected with the arms A and A in Fig. 1. Thissignal is controlled by a line relay R and a local relay L, these relays in turn being controlled by the track relay T and by a pole-changer P operated l signal S which is located at the entra end of the block section to the right of point C.

' As shown in l ig. 2, the block section l-i-(, is occupied by a car or train which is represented by a pair of wheels and an axle \Y. so that track relay '1 is open. Relays It and L are likewise both open, so that magnets H and ill are both (lo-energized and signal S consequently indicates stop. ll will now assume that the car or train W passes out or" block section P-U and into the sci tion to the right of location C. 'iracl: relay '1 then closes, so that the line relay ll hecomes energized through the following circuit: from battery 53, through pole-changer l wire 35, contact '30 01? track relay T, wires 37 and 38, winding of relay li. wire (36, back contact (3? of relay L, w res (ii and 43, contact lioi truclr relay T, wire l5, and pole-changer P to battery 53. Pole-changer P is then in such position that relay R is energized in what I will term the rwqcrsN' direction, wherein its polarized contact ill is open. Magnet 11 then becomes energized, the circuit being from battery I), through wires and 54, front point of contact 15 of relay R, wire 16, magnet ll, and wires .17 and 18 to battery D. it will be observed that at such time. the entire voltage of bat-- tery D is applied to the terminals of nun;-- net H, so that this magnet is strongly energized. Motor hi is energiz-ei'l at the same time, the circuit being from battery D, through wires L: and r, Front point of contact 15 of relay 1?, wires 12) and 33, cmitacl 24, wire 25, motor M and wire .8 to battery D. Motor M then drives the chains (3 and 6, shown in Fig. 1, and inasmuch as magnet H is energized, arm A is moved to its elevated position, thus moving the sen'iaphore S to its inclined or caution position. \Vhen this position is reached, coutn 't it opens, so that motor M steps, but magnet il cciuinues to be energized so that the semaphore is held in the caution position. Vi hen the semaphore reaches the caution position contact 31 closes.

I will now assume that the car or train passes out of the block section to the right of point (I, so that signal H moves to the caution or to the proceed position. thereby reversing pole-changer .l This causes relay R- to become ei'iergized in the opposite or normal direction, wherein the polari...ed contact 90 is closed. This does not :1 li'ect the circuit for magnet II, but it closes a circuit for magnet ll which circuit is from battery I), through wires 14: and it, from oint oz contact 15, wirrs 19 and it). polarized contact 20 of relay F, wire 21 and 27. lmch point of cont-act :28 of relay ii, wire Bi magnet H, wire 30, contact Iii. wire 3;. lliii'li contact 33 oi relay l], and wire IE-l to hatter D. The full volt or battery I) then applied to the terminals of magnei il" rs the terminals of battery D.

well as to magnet H, or in other words, these two magnets are connected in multiple across Motor M also energized through a circuit which passes 25, motor M, and wire 18 to battery l). The

motor M then again drives the chainsG and 6 of F 1, and inasmuch as magnet ll= is energized, the armA" raised to its ole Vated position. This operation of arm A. causes semaphore S to he moved from its caution or inclined position to its vertical or proceed position. When the proceed position is reached contact 22 stopping the motor. i

When the signal reaches the proceed position, contact F closes, thereby closing the following circuit for relay L: frornbattery 53, throughpole-changer P, wire to, contact l l of track relay T, Wires and 42,

opens, thereby from battery I), through wires 14 and 54:,

contact F, wire- 47, winding of relay L, wires 46 and 37, trackrelay contact 8(i,-wire 1-35, and {Mile-changer P to battery 53; The con"- sequent closing of relay Tl opens the circuit for relay R at contact 67, so that relay R then opens. Theparts of the apparatus then occupythe positions in which they are shown in Fig. 2; Referring to this View, it

will be seen that the magnetslil and H are now connected in series across the terminals otbattcry D, the circuit heingjlTroni:batt e] D, through wires 1d and 51, front point oi contact% of relay L, wire 29, magnetH, wire 30, contact 31, Wires 32 and 5.2, hack point of contact 15 of relay It, wire 16,

net H, and Wires 17 and 18 to battery D. In asmuch as magnetsH and H" are now connected in series, it is obvious that the amount consumed by each magnet is on a of energy p half of the energy winch it would consume 1f the multiple connection of these magnets across the battery had been maintained.

Inasmuch as a signal is in the proceed position during the greater proportion oil the time that the signal in service, it will be seen that h-y means of my invention a considerable saving in the amount oi energy required for the operation the signal attained. i i i With the parts in the positions shownyin Fig.2, when a car or train enters hlock section 13-4), the opening of track relay T will open the circuit for relay L, and this latter relay will open at contact 28 the circuit last traced for magnets H and ill, so that some: phore S will drop tothe stopposition; The parts of the appariaitus will then he res-stored to the positions in which they are shownin .ltelcrring now to Figs. 2} and it. the upparatus shown herein is the same as that shown in Figs. 9- and 2, in so far as concerns the control. of relays "i and ll. in Figs.

a the s and 3*", however, the battery which supplies energy for the operation of the signal is divided into two sections I) and D", and the signal is coi'itri'illed in such manner that the two lmttery sections are connected in series across the terminals of each magnet while i nal is being moved, but that the two hutt sections are connected in nniltiple across the terminals 01 each magnet while the signal being); held in the proceed position.

lie'lerrin new particularly toFig. 3, I will assume that the car or train W in block section B- J moves out oi. this section into the section next to the right, so that relay It becomes energised in the reverse direction. lllagnct H is then su iiplied. with current, the circuit being froin the right hand terminal of battery section l) through wires 14, 55, 56 and 54;, front point oi relay contact 15, wireii.6,1nagnet ll, wires 17, 18 and i8, hattery section D, wire 58, back point of relay contact 59, and wire 60 to battery section D. It will be notedthat the two sections of the operating battery are connected in series across magnet H at this til'l'li The circuit lior motor M is from battery section D, through wires 14, 55, 56 and 54:, contact l5, wires 19, 23 and 61, contact 22, wires 25 and 25, motor M, wire 18, battery section D", wire 58, back point of relay contact 59, and wire (30 to battery section ll). hen the semaphore reaches the caution position, contact 22 opens so tlratmotor Mi becomesdc-energized. 7

When relay It hecomcs energized in the oppositedirectioi'i, due to reversal oi polecl'ialnger 1.,1nagncst ll, is supplied with cur- 5-4;, relay contact lti, wires 19 and 19, polarized-contact 20, wires 521i and E27, baclt of relay contact 28, wireQE), magnet it re 30,contact 31 (which is then closed), wires 18 and 1S, battery section D wire58, hack point ol relay contact 59, and wire 60 to ha teryfsection D. The circuit for motor M is their from battery section B, through front point of relay contact l5, polarized contact 20, w' 21 and circuit controller 2 motor 'M, battery tion D and he point of contact 59, to battery section I).

lVhen the semaphore reaches the proceed position, the motor circuit is opened at contact2a. At the same time circuit controller l reverses, so that relay L closes and relay It opens. The parts are then in the positions shown in lligr. 3 wherein it will be seen that the two battery sections are connected in multiple across the terminals ct inagi'iet H and also across he terminals of nnignet ll. First considering magnet ill, the portiimoi' the circuit which includes hat [0 '5 section D passes Iil'UIll the right hand terminal oi. this section, through wires 14-. 55, 56 and on contact 8% oil relay L, wires point llO ' 28, 19 and 16,'magnet H, wires 17, '18, 18

terminal of battery section D is connected with wire 55, through wire 58, front point of contact 59 of relay L and wire 73. The left ha-nd'terminal of battery section D is, of course, connected directly with wire 18.

Considering now magnet HF, the circuit which includes battery section D passes from the right hand terminal of this section, through wires 14, and 65, front point of contact 28 of relay L, wire 29, magnet I-l, wire 30, circuit controller 31, wires 18*, 18 and 62, front point of contact 63 of relay L, and wires 64 and to battery section D". Battery section D is connected in multiple with section D in the same manner as set .forth above.

The operation of the apparatus when a car or train enters block DC or the section to the right of point C, will be understood fromthe explanation of the operation of the apparatus shown in Figs. 2 and 2 under similar conditions.

In Figs. 4 and 4 I have shown an arrangement of apparatus which is a combi-. nation of the schemes shown in. Figs. 2 and 3; That is, the two battery sections D and D areconnected in series across the terminals of magnet H, and als across the termif nals of magnet H while the signal is mov ing, but when the signal is at rest in the proceed position the two battery sections are connected in multiple across the'terminals of magnets H andH? in series. The control of relays R. and L is the same as in Figs. 2 and, 3. i

Referring particularly to Fig. 4, when the car or train which is shown in section B-.O passes into the section next to the right, the closing of relay R will cause. current to be supplied to magnet H, through a circuit which passes from battery section D,

through wires 14, 55 and 54, relay contact 15, wire 16, magnet H, wires 17 and 18, bat- 'tery section 1)", wire 58, back point of relay contact 59, and wire 60 to battery section 1). The circuit for motor M will be apparent from the explanation given he'reinbefore of the apparatus shown in Fig. 3. When the signal reaches the caution position, motor F1 is de-energized, due to the opening of contact 22. hen relay R is reversed, due to thereversal of pole-changer P magnet H is supplied with current, the circuit being from batterysection D through wires 14, 55 and 54, relay contact 15, wires 19 and 19 polarized contact 20, wires 21 and 27, back point of relay contact 28, wire 29, magnet Hi, wire 30, circuit controller 31, wire 32, wire 69, back point of relay contact 70, wire 71, battery section D, wire 58, back point of relay contact 59, and

wire'60 to battery section D. The circuit for motor M is then from battery section D.

through'front point of relay contact 15, po-

larized contact 20, circuit controller 24, motor'M, battery section D" and back point of relay contact 59 to battery section D. hen the signal reaches the proceed position the motor is de-energized by the opening of circuit controller 24, and at the same time circuit controller F closes so that relay L closes and relay R opens. The parts are then in the positions in which they are shown in Fig. 4. Referring to this view, the circuit for magnets H and H, in so far as battery section D is concerned, is from the right hand terminal of this section, through wires 14, 55 and (35, front point f relay contact Q8,wire Q9, magnet H, wire 30, circuit controller 31, wires 32 and 72, back oint of relay contact 15, wire 16, magnet I, wires 17, 18 and 71, front point of relay contact 70, and wire 60 to battery section D. Battery section D is connected in this circuit in multiple with section I), the left'hand terminal of section. D being connected with the left hand terminal of section D, through wire 71, front point of relay'contact and wire 60; and the right hand terminal of section D being connected with the righthand terminal of section D through wire 58, front point of relay contact 59, and wires 73 and 14.

The-operation of the apparatus shown in Figs. 4 and4 when a car or train enters block section BC or the section to the right will be understood from the explanation of the-apparatus shown in Figs. 2 and 3 under similar conditions.

Referring now to Fig. 5, the signal. mechanism here shown comprises one operating arm A", which arm directly connected with semaphore S. The arm A i raised from its lowest position to an. intermediate position by chain 6, and from the inter1nediate to its highest position by a chain (3. both of which chains are operated by motor M. Arm A is held in its intermediate position by the engagement of shoulder i) on fork 8 with a latch 85. and in its highest position by the engagement of the same shoulder 9 with a latch 10. Semaphore S. of course, is in the stop, caution or proceed position according as arm A" is in the lowestyintermediate or highest position. The fork S is controlled by magnet l l in the same manner as in Fig. 1.

Referring now to Figs. (3 and 6. l have here shown one arrangement of circuits and apparatus for the control of the signal mechanism shown in Fig. Considering first Fig. 6, I will assume that the car or train which is shown in block section B-O passes out of this section into thc section next to the right, so that relay R becomes energized in such direction that its polarized point oi relay contact 15, wires '75 and 76,

contact 77-7flol circuit controller G, wire 80, magnet ll, wires 11.7 and 18, battery section 1)", w're 58, back point of relay contact 59, and "wire 60 to battery section D The circuit for motor M, br .fly traced, is from battery section D, through front point of relay contact 15, contact r3(387 of circuit controller K, motor M, battery section D and back point of relay contact 59 to battery section I). lVhen the senmphore reaches the caution position, contact finger 87 of .When relay R reverses, due to the reversal of: pole-changer P, magnet H is energized through the following circuit-from battery D through wires 14;, 55 and 5-1, front point of relay contact 15, wire 19, polarized contact 20, wires 21. and 27, back point of relay contact 28, wire 29, contact 83-79 of circuit controller G, wire 80, magnetI-I, wires 17 and 1.8, battery section D, wire 58, back point of relay contact 59, and wire 60 to battery section D. The motor circuit, briefly traced, is from battery section D, through relay contacts 15 and 20, contact 82-87 of circuit controller K, motor M, battery section D back point of relay contact 59 to battery section D When the signal reaches the proceed position, circuit controller F reverses, thereby energizing relay L and de-energizing relay B, so that the circuit for motor M is opened at contact 15 of relay It. The parts then occupy the positions .in which they are shown in Fig. 6, from which it will be seen that the circuit for magnet H in so far as battery section D is concerned, is from the right hand terminal of this section, through wires 14 and i 55, front point of relay contact 28, wire 29, contact Sit--79. wire 80, magnet H, wires 50 tact 70, and wires 60 and 60 to battery sec- 17, 18.71. and 71", front point of relay contion D. Battery section D in. ided in multiple with section I) in. this circuit, the

connection between the right hand terminals of the battery sections being through wire it 58,front point of relay contact-59,. and wire 14; whereas the connection between the left and 6 the two battery sections are connected. lIISGI'lBS across the termlnals ofmagnet Hat all times when this magnet is functioning, except when the signal is being held in the proceed position, at which time the two battery sections are connected 1n multlple across the terminals of magnet H.

Although I have herein shown and described only certain forms of apparatus embodying my invention, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made therein within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having thus described my inventiornwhat I claim is:

fl. In combination, a signal mechanism comprising two arms biased to lower positions, a motor for moving each. arm to an elevated position. means including a magnet for each arm for operatively connecting the arm with the motor and for holding the arm in the elevated position; a source of current; means forconnecting said magnets in series across said source when both arms are elevated, and for connecting each magnet directly across said source at all other times when the magnet is functioning; and signaling means controlled by said arms.

2. In combination, a signal mechanism comprising two arms biased to lower positions, a motor for moving each arm to an elevated position, means including a mag net for each arm for operatively connecting the arm. with the motor and for holding the arm in the elevated position; signaling means controlled by said arms and indicating stop, caution or proceed according as both arms are lowered, one arm is elevated or both arms are elevated; a source of currelay for controlling said mechanism, a line circuit which at times includes said line relay but not said local relay, means con trolled by said arms when both are *in elevated position for disconnecting said line :relay from said line circuit and connecting said localrelay with said circuit, means for connect ng one magnet directly across sald source oi current when. the hnerelay 1S energized in one direction and for connecting each .magnet directly across said source when the line relay is energized in the other direction and for. connecting said two magnets in series across said source when the line relay is tie-energized and the local relay "is energized, and signaling means controlled "by saidarms.

4t. In combination. a signal mechanism "comprising-two arms biased to lower positions, a motor for moving each arm to an elevated position, means including a magnet for each arm for operatively connecting the arm with the motor and for holding go I,

said two sources in series across one magnet .when the line relay is energized in one di- 2 7. In combination, a signal mechanism comprising an arm biased to a lower position, a motor for movmg sa1d arm to an elethe arm in the elevated position two sources of current, means for connecting said two sources in series to supply each magnet while the corresponding arm is being elevated by the motor, and for connecting said two sourcesin multiple to supply each magnet when both arms are in elevated position, and

signaling means controlled by said arms.

5. In combination a signal mechanism comprislng two arms blased to-lower positions, a motor for moving each arm to an while both arms are elevated and for connecting the two sources in series to supply each magnet at all other tlmes when the magnet is functioning, and signalmg means controlled by said arms.

6. In combination, a signal mechanism comprising two arms biased to lower posi- "lllOllS, a motor for moving each arm to an 'elevated position, means including a. magnet for each arm for operatively connecting the arm with the motor and'for holding the arm in the elevated position; a polarized line relay and a local relay for controlling 'sald mechanism, a line circuit which at times includes said line relay but not said local relay, means controlled by said arms when both are elevated for disconnecting said line relay from said circuit and connecting said local relay with the circuit, two sources of current; means for connecting rection, for connecting said two sources in series across both magnets when the line relayis. energized in the other direction, and for connecting the two sources in multiple across each magnet when the line relay is de-energized and the local relay is energized; and. signaling means controlled by said arms.

vated position, means including a magnet l'o'r operatively connecting sald arm with the motor and for holding the arm in the elevated position, signaling means con- .trolled'by said arm, two sources of current,

and means for connecting said two sources 7 series tosupplysaid magnet while the arm is being moved to the elevated position and for connecting said two sources in multiple to supply said magnet while the arm is being held in the elevated position.

8. In combination, a signal biased to one moving the signal, and tor connecting said sources in multiple to supply said magnet with current while the signal is being held in the position to which it is moved by the motor.

9. In combination, a signal mechanism comprising an arm biased to a lower position, a motor for moving said arm to an elevated position, means including a magnet for operatively connecting said arm with the motor and for holding the arm in the elevated position, signaling means controlled by said arm, a polarized line relay and a local relay for controlling said mechanism, a line circuit which at times includes said line relay but not said local relay, means controlled by said arm when elevated for disconnecting said line relay from and connecting said local relay with said line circuit, two sources of current; and means for connecting said two sources in series to supply said magnet when the line relay is energized andthe local relay (lo-energized, and for connecting said sources in multiple to supply said magnet when the line relay is de-energized and the local relay is energized.

' 10. In combination, a signal biased to stop position, a motor for moving said signal to caution and proceed positions in. opposition to the biasing force, means including two magnets for connecting said motor with said signal and for holding the signal in caution and proceed positions, a source of current, and means for connecting said two magnets in series across said source while the signal is being held in the proceed position and for connecting each magnet separately with the source at all other times when the magnet is functioning.

and proceed positions, two sources of current, and means for connecting said two magnets in series across the two sources in multiple while the signal is being held in the proceed position and for connecting each magnet separately across the two sources in l. I: (l

series at all other times when the magnet functioning.

.12. In combination, a signal biased to stop position, a motor for moving said signal to caution and proceed positions in opposition to the biasing force, means includin two magnets for connecting said motor wit said signal and for holding the signal in caution and proceed positions, two sources of current, and means for connecting said two sources in multiple to supply current to said magnets while the signal is being held in the proceed position and for connecting said twosoui'ces in series to supply said magnets with current at all other times when the magnets are functioning.

1.3. In combination, a signal biased to stop position and a motor for moving it to caution and proceed positions, two magnets,

means for holding said signal in caution position when one of said magnets is energized and in proceed position when both magnets are energized, a source of current, and means for connecting said two magnets in series across said source while the signal is being held in proceed position and for connecting each magnet separately with the source at all other times when the magnet is tune/tic! ing;

14. In combination, a signal. biased. to stop position and a motor for moving it to caution and proceed. positions, two magnets, means for holding said signal in caution position when one of said magnets is energized and in proceed position when both magnets are energized, and means for applying a relatively low voltage to each magnet while the'signal is being held in the proceed position and a relatively high voltage to each magnet at all other times when. the magnet is functioning.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

A. HERMAN WneNnn, E, P. CRUM. 

